What are the Vienna conventions, which Canada has referenced in a diplomatic dispute with India?

 What are the Vienna conventions, which Canada has referenced in a diplomatic dispute with India?

As 41 diplomats left the nation on Friday, the India-Canada dispute took a new turn. While the MEA maintains that its actions did not violate international law, both Canada and the US have now demanded that New Delhi follow its commitments under the 1961 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations.

India said that their action was completely compliant with international treaties and was intended to ensure diplomatic balance. 

Article 11.1 of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations is totally compatible with our activities in establishing this parity.The MEA issued a statement saying, "We reject any effort to characterize the implementation of parity as a breach of international rules.

The Vienna Convention is what?

A 1961 international pact known as the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations was signed by 61 nations. It aspires to guarantee the "development of friendly relations among nations" and lays forth a framework for diplomatic engagements between sovereign nations. The document is currently signed by 193 nations. 

India asserts that its activities are in accordance with the principles outlined in Article 11.1 of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations. This specific section deals with the size of foreign embassies in other nations. 

The Vienna Convention states that in the absence of a specific agreement regarding mission size, "the receiving State may require that the extent of a mission be kept within limits took into account by it to be reasonable and normal, taking into account circumstances and conditions in the receiving State and the specific requirements of the particular mission." 

What laws have the United States and Canada urged India not to break?

On Thursday, Melanie Joly, the minister of foreign affairs for Canada, said that India had "formally conveyed its plan to unilaterally remove diplomatic immunities" for more than 40 ambassadors stationed in Delhi. 

This would put their personal safety in jeopardy and put 41 Canadian ambassadors and their 42 dependents in danger of having their immunity revoked on an arbitrary date, she had stated at a press conference in Ottawa.

Meanwhile, Matthew Miller, a spokesman for the US Department of State, asked India to maintain its international commitments, particularly those relating to "privileges and protections enjoyed by accredited members of the national international mission."

A diplomatic agent is exempt from the receiving State's criminal jurisdiction under the Vienna Convention. With a few exceptions, such people are also granted exemption from its civil and administrative authority.