Bihar has the sharpest decrease in the National Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) poor population in 2023

 Bihar has the sharpest decrease in the National Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) poor population in 2023

Bihar's journey from the verge of poverty to the route to development serves as an example of how committed efforts in line with the Sustainable Development Goals may change people's lives and communities.

The national MPI evaluates concurrent challenges in the three equally significant domains of living standards, education, and health. A collection of twelve indicators that are in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) represent these categories. Nutrition, child and adolescent mortality, maternal health, educational attainment, school attendance, access to clean cooking fuel, sanitation, safe drinking water, power, housing conditions, property ownership, and the existence of bank accounts are some of the factors that are included in these indicators. consist of. Significant advancements have been seen in each of these twelve metrics.

In terms of absolute MPI value decrease, Bihar, the state with the highest MPI value in NFHS-4 (2015–16), had the quickest decline, with the proportion of multidimensional poor people falling from 51.89% to 33.76% in 2019. 21. The MPI value also significantly decreased in Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh, where the percentage of multidimensional poor in NFHS-5 (2019–21) was 20.63% and 22.93%, respectively. With 3.43 crore, Uttar Pradesh has seen the largest number of individuals escape multidimensional poverty during the last five years, ahead of Bihar (2.25 crore) and Madhya Pradesh (1.36 crore).

Initiatives by the Indian government are in line with certain SDGs: A number of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which are international objectives set by the United Nations to address diverse social, economic, and environmental issues, are in accord with the programs described in the material supplied. is a collection of.

Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) and Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM): Since they concentrate on enhancing access to clean drinking water and sanitation, they are in line with SDG 6: Clean water and sanitation.

In keeping with SDG 7: inexpensive and clean energy, the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) seeks to provide access to inexpensive and clean energy sources by providing cooking fuel at a subsidised rate.

Samagra Shiksha, Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY), Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY), and Saubhagya: All of these projects support a number of SDGs: SDG 1: No poverty, as it lessens the nation's multifaceted poverty. tasks to do. SDG 4: High-quality education, as holistic education aims to raise educational standards. SDG 8: Decent work and economic development, as both may lead to job possibilities and economic expansion. As they seek to lessen disparities in access to resources and services, SDG 10: Reduce Inequalities also aims to lessen inequality.

Water to drink, bank account access, and electricity: Examine your progress toward a number of SDGs: SDG 7: Access to affordable and clean energy, given the critical nature of power. SDG 1: No poverty, as financial inclusion and poverty reduction may be achieved via banking services accessibility. SDG 6: Sanitation and clean water, as having access to potable water is essential.

Why did the MPI report show that Bihar had the largest decrease in the proportion of its population living in multidimensional poverty?

The following describes how each Bihar effort aligns with certain SDGs:

Lohia Swachh Bihar Abhiyan (LSBA): The State Government of Bihar and the Central Government's Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) are collaborating on a special effort named Lohia Swachh Bihar Abhiyan (LSBA) (LSY). As. Ensuring that every family in Bihar, including those below and over the poverty line (BPL and APL), has access to adequate sanitation facilities is the main objective of LSBA. While attaining open defecation free (ODF) status in Bihar was the project's initial goal, it is now actively involved in sustaining ODF sustainability and putting extra ODF Plus measures into place. SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation is aligned with this project. Its objectives are to provide access to safe and clean sanitation facilities, lower the rate of open defecation, and provide enough sanitation facilities for every home.

Initiatives for Social Welfare in Bihar: Social welfare is concerned with the well-being of the underprivileged and underprivileged segments of society. These disadvantaged people are stuck in an endless cycle of poverty because they have no opportunity for growth on the social, economic, or personal fronts. In order to ensure that economic advancement benefits everybody, social welfare programs must be implemented by the state government. Dalits, Mahadalits, Backward Classes, Extremely Backward Classes, minorities, women, and other disadvantaged groups are increasingly included in Bihar's welfare efforts. The two main goals of these programs are SDG 10—Reduce Inequalities—and SDG 1—No Poverty. Bihar is trying to alleviate poverty and lessen social inequality by concentrating on the underprivileged and impoverished segments of the population.

Program for Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHA): In Bihar, every village with a population of one thousand people or more is home to an Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) who works to address the health needs of the rural populace, with a focus on the marginalized and vulnerable. is in charge of addressing. In Bihar, there are around 89,000 ASHAs and 4,300 ASHA facilitators who work to streamline administrative procedures and guarantee prompt direct benefit transfer (DBT) into their bank accounts. ASHAs get performance-based rewards for 64 distinct health tasks.makes progress as well. Report for the Bihar ASHA program. By addressing the health needs of rural communities, particularly vulnerable and disadvantaged groups, and promoting health activities, the initiative contributes to SDG 3: Good health and well-being.

MDHY, the Chief Minister Digital Health Scheme: In order to enhance healthcare services and guarantee transparent government, Bihar has launched the Chief Minister Digital Health Scheme (MDHY), which entails digitizing the state's healthcare system. By linking 30,000 medical experts with 13,000 public health institutions, it will make it simple for the general population to get medical guidance and services. For more efficiency and transparency, the initiative centralizes health care data using the 'Grand' Hospital Information Management System (HIMS). Through digitizing the state health system, enhancing health services, and giving residents convenient access to medical advice and services, the program meets SDG 3: Good Health and Well-Being.

Increasing life expectancy is in line with SDG 3: Good health and well-being since it indicates better health outcomes and easier access to medical care. Bihar's health results have significantly improved as a result of concentrated public health initiatives; the state's life expectancy at birth (LEB) increased by 3.7 years, from 65.8 years in 2006–10 to 69.5 years in 2016–20. The LEB for Bihar is now 0.5 years lower than the 70.0-year national average, with minor gender variations in LEB trends over time.

The Health Department of Bihar is employing the eSanjeevani Telemedicine System to provide health care to rural areas as part of the Saat Nishchay-2 initiative run by CDAC Mohali. Over 31.4 lakh medical consultations have been provided via eSanjeevani as of February 10, 2023, with 65687 consultations conducted via the eSanjeevani OPD. By providing more access to medical consultations and extending health care to isolated communities, telemedicine helps achieve SDG 3: Good health and well-being.

Mukhyamantri Peyjal Nishchay Yojana: In order to guarantee a sustainable and easily accessible water supply in Bihar, the state government initiated the Mukhyamantri Peyjal Nishchay Yojana program in 2016. Its objective is to supply roughly two crore households, both in rural and urban areas, with 70 liters of clean water per person per day. Delivering on this obligation requires working in tandem with regional administrations and communities. By guaranteeing an accessible and sustainable water supply in Bihar, this initiative helps achieve SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation, which seeks to provide homes with clean water.

Increasing Technical Education: Bihar's initiatives to build institutions and increase technical education are consistent with SDG 4-Quality Education, which supports the objective of giving students access to high-quality instruction and training.

Bihar has seen significant expansion in technical education, as shown by the opening of 38 government engineering institutions that provide a broad variety of degrees in cutting-edge fields including artificial intelligence, the internet of things, and data science. The number of undergraduate and graduate seats has been expanded, and high-quality education is ensured via faculty and student training agreements with renowned universities. Opportunities will grow even further with the establishment of Bihar Engineering University, which would include female applicants. Along with promises for improved infrastructure, government polytechnic institutions have grown and established centers of competence in fields like robotics and drone technology. Bihar's dedication to advancing technical education includes training and placement programs, biometric attendance systems, and science-related efforts such the Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Science City in Patna and the Indira Gandhi Science Complex Planetarium.