What part does ICT play in Zimbabwe's catastrophe management?

 What part does ICT play in Zimbabwe's catastrophe management?

In Zimbabwe, information and communication technology (ICT) is essential for disaster management. Here are a few examples of how ICT is used in different areas of disaster management:

Early Warning Systems: Early warning systems are created and maintained using ICT to inform communities of possible disasters. This involves distributing timely information about imminent dangers including floods, droughts, and storms via radio broadcasts, SMS warnings, and mobile networks.

Data Gathering and Analysis: ICT makes it easier to gather, store, and analyse data for disaster management. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology,  regions are mapped, high-risk locations are identified, and routes are planned. Drones and remote sensing technology are utilised to collect data in real-time on the several damage.

Communication and Coordination: ICT facilitates effective communication and coordination among the numerous parties engaged in disaster response both during and after a disaster. To spread emergency information, organise rescue operations, and give updates on relief efforts, wired and wireless internet services, and social media platforms are used.

ICT is utilised to deliver training and capacity-building programmes to communities, emergency responders, and governmental organisations. To provide instructional materials, hold virtual seminars, and exchange best practises in disaster planning, response, and recovery, online platforms and mobile applications are employed.

ICT aids in organising and disseminating crucial information linked to disaster response and recovery operations. Data about impacted people, relief supplies, logistics, and financial resources are stored and retrieved via databases, information systems, and platforms that are cloud- During emergency services, this information helps in decision-making and resource allocation.

Public Education and Knowledge: ICT channels, such as social media, websites, and applications for smartphones, are used to increase public knowledge of catastrophe risks, preventative tactics, and preparedness measures. These resources aid in informing the public about emergency contact information, evacuation protocols, and support services that are offered.

Monitoring and Evaluation: ICT makes it possible to keep track of and assess disaster management efforts. Tracking the development of response activities, evaluating the efficacy of actions, and finding potential areas for improvement in disaster management techniques are made possible by real-time monitoring systems, data analytics, and dashboards.

Mobile phones are often utilised in Zimbabwe, even in rural regions, for emergency communication. Mobile technology is essential for aiding emergency communication during a crisis. It enables those who are impacted to request support, record problems, and ask for relief. Effective communication between impacted communities and response organisations is made possible via emergency hotlines, toll-free numbers, and SMS-based reporting systems.

Social media engagement and monitoring: During catastrophes, real-time updates, public opinion, and developing requirements are tracked on social media platforms like Twitter and Facebook. Through social media platforms, governmental organisations and humanitarian organisations actively interact with the public, disseminating information, answering questions, and coordinating relief activities.

Digital mappingand geographic analysis help in mapping regions sectors, to disasters vulnerable people, vital infrastructure, and evacuation routes. ICT technologies like Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and satellite images can help. By visualising and analysing geographical data, these tools improve planning, readiness, and reaction methods.

Remote sensing and damage assessment: To determine the level of damage brought on by catastrophes, remote sensing technologies, such as satellite photography and aerial drones, are utilised. These materials assist decision-makers distribute resources efficiently and set priorities for response actions by providing useful information on the impacted areas, infrastructure damage, and changes in the land cover.

E-learning and capacity building: Online learning programmes and platforms are used to teach community people, volunteers, and professionals in disaster management. 

Cash Transfer Programmes and Financial Technology (Fintech) In order to give cash transfer assistance to impacted communities during disaster response, ICT-based financial services and mobile payment systems are rapidly being deployed. This method makes providing financial help more effective, transparent, and accountable while ensuring that money gets to individuals in need as soon as possible.

Collaboration and Data Sharing: ICT enables communication and cooperation among parties involved in disaster management. Government agencies, humanitarian organisations, and other stakeholders can communicate in real time, coordinate their resources, and make decisions together thanks to digital platforms and cloud-based solutions.

The use of ICT tools and platforms is made possible by public health surveillance and disease outbreak monitoring. To spot possible health concerns, deal with epidemics, and effectively allocate resources, real-time data on illness trends, health indicators, and the availability of medical supplies are gathered and analysed.