The study showed that over an entire year, the influenza vaccine reduced pneumonia by 40 percent and the rate of hospitalization among patients with heart failure by 15 percent.
The study, published in The Lancet Global Health, found that influenza vaccines reduce both pneumonia and cardiovascular complications in people with heart failure.
An international study led by McMaster University researchers has found that flu vaccination can prevent influenza and reduce cardiovascular consequences, both of which can save lives for individuals with heart disease.
The study, published in The Lancet Global Health, found that influenza vaccines reduce both pneumonia and cardiovascular complications in people with heart failure.
"If you have heart failure, you should get your flu vaccine because it could save your life – that's what we found in this study," said Marc Loeb, the study's principal investigator.
Loeb is the McMaster Professor of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and the Hamilton Infectious Disease Physician and Microbiologist.
"It is less appreciated that the influenza vaccine can protect people from cardiovascular death," he added.
The study showed that over an entire year, the influenza vaccine reduced pneumonia by 40 percent and the rate of hospitalization among patients with heart failure by 15 percent. During the fall and winter influenza season, the influenza vaccine reduced deaths among these patients by 20 percent.
Data collected during flu season also showed that the vaccine helped protect against cardiovascular complications, such as heart attacks and strokes.
In this collaborative clinical trial between McMaster and the Population Health Research Institute of McMaster and Hamilton Health Sciences, investigators tracked more than 5,000 patients with heart failure in 10 countries in Africa, Asia and the Middle East, where some people have routine influenza. Vaccination takes place. They received either the influenza vaccine or a placebo annually between June 2015 and November 2021.
While the flu has long been associated with an increased risk of life-threatening cardiovascular events, Loeb said people with heart failure are already vulnerable to worse health outcomes. Patients with the condition have a 50 percent chance of dying within five years, while 20 percent are hospitalized for heart-related complications each year.
"Importantly, we looked at low- and middle-income countries where 80 percent of heart disease occurs and where flu vaccination rates are low."
Salim Yusuf, executive director of the PHRI and study author, said: "The flu shot should be part of standard practice in people with heart failure, given how simple, cheap and safe it is. Saving a sixth of heart disease deaths and hospitalizations." Preventing recruitment to the U.S. makes it very cost-effective and could have an important public health and clinical impact."
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